ALTER USER

ALTER USER 语句用于更改 TiDB 权限系统内的已有用户。和 MySQL 一样，在 TiDB 权限系统中，用户是用户名和用户名所连接主机的组合。因此，可创建一个用户 'newuser2'@'192.168.1.1'，使其只能通过 IP 地址 192.168.1.1 进行连接。相同的用户名从不同主机登录时可能会拥有不同的权限。

语法图

AlterUserStmt
UserSpecList
UserSpec
RequireClauseOpt
RequireList
Username
AuthOption
PasswordOption
LockOption
AttributeOption
ResourceGroupNameOption
RequireClauseOpt
RequireListElement

示例

CREATE USER 'newuser' IDENTIFIED BY 'newuserpassword';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

SHOW CREATE USER 'newuser';

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE USER for newuser@%                                                                                                                                            |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE USER 'newuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH 'mysql_native_password' AS '*5806E04BBEE79E1899964C6A04D68BCA69B1A879' REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE DEFAULT ACCOUNT UNLOCK |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

修改用户基本信息

修改用户 newuser 的密码：

ALTER USER 'newuser' IDENTIFIED BY 'newnewpassword';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

SHOW CREATE USER 'newuser';

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE USER for newuser@%                                                                                                                                            |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CREATE USER 'newuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH 'mysql_native_password' AS '*FB8A1EA1353E8775CA836233E367FBDFCB37BE73' REQUIRE NONE PASSWORD EXPIRE DEFAULT ACCOUNT UNLOCK |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

锁定用户 newuser：

ALTER USER 'newuser' ACCOUNT LOCK;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

修改 newuser 的属性：

ALTER USER 'newuser' ATTRIBUTE '{"newAttr": "value", "deprecatedAttr": null}';
SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;

+-----------+------+--------------------------+
| USER      | HOST | ATTRIBUTE                |
+-----------+------+--------------------------+
| newuser   | %    | {"newAttr": "value"}     |
+-----------+------+--------------------------+
1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... COMMENT 修改用户 newuser 的注释：

ALTER USER 'newuser' COMMENT 'Here is the comment';
SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;

+-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| USER      | HOST | ATTRIBUTE                                              |
+-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| newuser   | %    | {"comment": "Here is the comment", "newAttr": "value"} |
+-----------+------+--------------------------------------------------------+
1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... ATTRIBUTE 删除用户 newuser 的注释：

ALTER USER 'newuser' ATTRIBUTE '{"comment": null}';
SELECT * FROM information_schema.user_attributes;

+-----------+------+---------------------------+
| USER      | HOST | ATTRIBUTE                 |
+-----------+------+---------------------------+
| newuser   | %    | {"newAttr": "value"}      |
+-----------+------+---------------------------+
1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER 修改用户 newuser 的自动密码过期策略为永不过期：

ALTER USER 'newuser' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

通过 ALTER USER ... PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL ... DAY 修改用户 newuser 的密码重用策略为不允许重复使用最近 90 天内使用过的密码：

ALTER USER 'newuser' PASSWORD REUSE INTERVAL 90 DAY;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

修改用户绑定的资源组

通过 ALTER USER ... RESOURCE GROUP 修改用户 newuser 的资源组到 rg1：

ALTER USER 'newuser' RESOURCE GROUP rg1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

查看当前用户绑定的资源组：

SELECT USER, JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") FROM mysql.user WHERE user = "newuser";

+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
| USER    | JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
| newuser | "rg1"                                             |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

取消用户绑定的资源组，即将用户绑定到 default 资源组。

ALTER USER 'newuser' RESOURCE GROUP `default`;
SELECT USER, JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") FROM mysql.user WHERE user = "newuser";

+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
| USER    | JSON_EXTRACT(User_attributes, "$.resource_group") |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
| newuser | "default"                                         |
+---------+---------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

ALTER USER

语法图

示例

修改用户基本信息

修改用户绑定的资源组

另请参阅