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CREATE VIEW

使用 CREATE VIEW 语句将 SELECT 语句保存为类似于表的可查询对象。TiDB 中的视图是非物化的,这意味着在查询视图时,TiDB 将在内部重写查询,以将视图定义与 SQL 查询结合起来。

语法图

CreateViewStmt
CREATE OrReplace ViewAlgorithm ViewDefiner ViewSQLSecurity VIEW ViewName ViewFieldList AS CreateViewSelectOpt ViewCheckOption
OrReplace
OR REPLACE
ViewAlgorithm
ALGORITHM = UNDEFINED MERGE TEMPTABLE
ViewDefiner
DEFINER = Username
ViewSQLSecurity
SQL SECURITY DEFINER INVOKER
ViewName
TableName
ViewFieldList
( Identifier , )
ViewCheckOption
WITH CASCADED LOCAL CHECK OPTION

示例

CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, c1 INT NOT NULL);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES (1),(2),(3),(4),(5);
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c1 > 2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
SELECT * FROM t1;
+----+----+
| id | c1 |
+----+----+
|  1 |  1 |
|  2 |  2 |
|  3 |  3 |
|  4 |  4 |
|  5 |  5 |
+----+----+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SELECT * FROM v1;
+----+----+
| id | c1 |
+----+----+
|  3 |  3 |
|  4 |  4 |
|  5 |  5 |
+----+----+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES (6);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
SELECT * FROM v1;
+----+----+
| id | c1 |
+----+----+
|  3 |  3 |
|  4 |  4 |
|  5 |  5 |
|  6 |  6 |
+----+----+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
INSERT INTO v1 (c1) VALUES (7);
ERROR 1105 (HY000): insert into view v1 is not supported now.

MySQL 兼容性

  • 目前 TiDB 中的任何视图都不可被插入,也不可被更新(即不支持 INSERT VIEW,也不支持 UPDATE VIEW)。WITH CHECK OPTION 只做了语法兼容但不生效。
  • 目前 TiDB 中的视图不支持 ALTER VIEW,但可以使用 CREATE OR REPLACE 替代。
  • 目前 ALGORITHM 字段在 TiDB 中只做了语法兼容但不生效,TiDB 目前只支持 MERGE 算法。

另请参阅