CHANGE COLUMN
ALTER TABLE.. CHANGE COLUMN 语句用于在已有表上更改列,包括对列进行重命名,和将数据改为兼容类型。
从 v5.1.0 版本起,TiDB 开始支持 Reorg 数据的类型变更,包括但不限于:
- 从 varchar 转换为 bigint
- decimal 精度修改
- 从 varchar(10) 到 varchar(5) 的长度压缩
语法图
- AlterTableStmt
- ChangeColumnSpec
- ColumnType
- ColumnOption
- ColumnName
示例
CREATE TABLE t1 (id int not null primary key AUTO_INCREMENT, col1 INT);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)INSERT INTO t1 (col1) VALUES (1),(2),(3),(4),(5);Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE col1 col2 INT;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE col2 col3 BIGINT, ALGORITHM=INSTANT;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)ALTER TABLE t1 CHANGE col3 col4 BIGINT, CHANGE id id2 INT NOT NULL;ERROR 1105 (HY000): can't run multi schema changeCREATE TABLE t (a int primary key);
ALTER TABLE t CHANGE COLUMN a a VARCHAR(10);ERROR 8200 (HY000): Unsupported modify column: column has primary key flagCREATE TABLE t (c1 INT, c2 INT, c3 INT) partition by range columns(c1) ( partition p0 values less than (10), partition p1 values less than (maxvalue));
ALTER TABLE t CHANGE COLUMN c1 c1 DATETIME;ERROR 8200 (HY000): Unsupported modify column: table is partition tableCREATE TABLE t (a INT, b INT as (a+1));
ALTER TABLE t CHANGE COLUMN b b VARCHAR(10);ERROR 8200 (HY000): Unsupported modify column: column is generatedCREATE TABLE t (a DECIMAL(13, 7));
ALTER TABLE t CHANGE COLUMN a a DATETIME;ERROR 8200 (HY000): Unsupported modify column: change from original type decimal(13,7) to datetime is currently unsupported yetMySQL 兼容性
- 不支持主键列上 Reorg-Data 类型的变更。
- 不支持分区表上的列类型变更。
- 不支持生成列上的列类型变更。
- 不支持部分数据类型(例如,部分 TIME 类型、BIT、SET、ENUM、JSON 等)向某些类型的变更,因为 TiDB 的
CAST函数与 MySQL 的行为存在兼容性问题。